SECONDHAND SMOKE AS A TRIGGER FOR ASTHMA EXACERBATION

Abstract

Background: Smoking is a major cause of death and chronic disease worldwide. In Indonesia, nearly 60% of adults are exposed to cigarette smoke, including secondhand smoke at work, home, and public places, which worsens asthma, especially in adolescents and children. Aim: To conduct a review by collecting results from studies on the effect of secondhand smoke as a trigger for asthma exacerbation. Methods: The study used a narrative review method, with journal searches through the electronic database, PubMed, using the keywords "Secondhand Smoke," "Asthma Risk Factors," and "Asthma". Results: Secondhand smoke has a negative impact on health, including asthma exacerbations. Exposure to secondhand smoke can occur at home, work, school, and public places. Another study stated that the percentage of asthma attacks due to secondhand smoke indoors was 14.1%, in cars 11.5% and outdoors and cars 19.6%. Also, secondhand smoke with the type of Heated Tobacco Product cigarettes is also a contributor to asthma attacks of 11% of the 39.5% incidence of asthma. Conclusion: Secondhand smoke can cause asthma exacerbations, which can occur at home, in the workplace, and in public spaces. Suggestion: Future studies should conduct systematic reviews or meta-analyses to strengthen conclusions on secondhand smoke and asthma. Research should also examine long-term effects, emerging tobacco products, and demographic factors to better understand asthma variability.