Risk Factors of Dysmenorrhea Among Adolescent Girls at SMP N 2 Bunta, Simpang Raya District, Banggai Regency

Abstract

One of the common problems experienced by adolescent girls is dysmenorrhea. Based on the 2020 National Basic Health Survey (Riskesdas), the prevalence of dysmenorrhea was reported at 64.3%, while cases in Central Sulawesi Province reached 41.3%. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between stress, physical activity, and nutritional intake with the incidence of dysmenorrhea among adolescent girls. This study employed a quantitative method with a cross-sectional study design. The population consisted of all female students at SMP N 2 Bunta up to the year 2024, totaling 92 students. Data were processed using univariate, bivariate, and multivariate analyses with the aid of Statistical Product and Service Solutions (SPSS) software. The results showed that there was a significant relationship between stress, nutritional intake, and physical activity with the risk of dysmenorrhea among adolescent girls at SMP N 2 Bunta. Stress was identified as the most influential factor for dysmenorrhea in adolescent girls at SMP N 2 Bunta, Simpang Raya Sub-district, Banggai Regency. This is because stress has a greater effect in triggering or worsening dysmenorrhea symptoms. It is recommended that adolescent girls pay attention to their dietary patterns or nutritional intake by increasing the consumption of foods rich in fiber, as well as foods containing iron, magnesium, and B-complex vitamins. Regular physical activity, such as exercise, and stress management through adequate rest and reducing exposure to stress-inducing social media are also encouraged.