Analysis of Risk Factors For Lbw Incidents at Bua Ponrang Public Health Center, Luwu Regency

Abstract

LBW (low birth weight), according to the WHO, is a baby born weighing less than 2500 grams. Several factors can cause LBW, such as maternal age, education, and ANC compliance. This study aimed to analyze risk factors for low birth weight (LBW) at Bua Ponrang Public Health Center, Luwu Regency. LBW remains a significant public health concern linked to short- and long-term neonatal complications. The Research used a case-control design with a total sample of 300 mothers who gave birth from January to May 2025. Data were obtained from secondary sources, and analysis was conducted using multiple linear regression. The independent variables included residence, education level, maternal age, number of pregnancies, birth interval, economic status, and compliance with antenatal care (ANC). Results showed that four variables significantly influenced LBW incidence: residence (p=0.000), maternal age (p=0.000), economic status (p=0.000), and ANC compliance (p=0.000). Variables such as education level, number of pregnancies, and birth interval were not statistically significant. The adjusted R² was 0.457, indicating that the model explained 45.7% of the variation in LBW cases. These findings highlight the importance of early maternal age screening, improved ANC compliance, and targeted interventions for low-income pregnant women in reducing LBW prevalence. It is hoped that future researchers will examine risk factors not examined in this study with a more diverse population.